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Showing posts with label backtracking. Show all posts
Showing posts with label backtracking. Show all posts

Friday, October 12, 2012

String permutation with backtracking

This is probably one of classic interview questions. There are many solutions for this problem out there but today, a friend of mine mentioned this problem and I know that I solved this long time ago but my memory was fading so I decided to try this out.

As I thought about the problem, I decided to tackle this with backtracking. Basically the idea is that I take one character out from the initial word and mark that character to note that the character has been taken out for permutation. All along, I am passing just one character array and each time I reach the end, I simply print out the resulted string.

So let me show my code.
void perm_internal(string word, char *output, int n, int k)
{
    if (n == k) {
        cout << "[" << output << "]" << endl;
        return;
    }

    for (int i = 0; i < n; i++) {
        if (word[i] == 0) {
            continue;
        }
        char tmp = word[i];
        output[k] = tmp;
        word[i] = 0;
        perm_internal(word, output, n, k+1);
        word[i] = tmp;
    }
}

void perm(string word)
{
    int n = word.length();
    char *output;

    if (n == 0)
        return;
    output = (char *)malloc(n+1);
    memset(output, 0x0, n+1); 
    cout << "input word: " << word << "(" << n << ")" << endl;
    perm_internal(word, output, n, 0);
}


I want to try out different approaches to solve this problem but it's getting late so I will do that next time.